Method of building armatures.



V. G. APPLE.

METHOD OF BUILDING ARMATURES.

APPLICATION FILED ]AN.29. I917- Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

' is a specification.

4 UNITED STATES VINCENT G. APPLE,

W M u or narrow, OHIO.

METHOD OF BUILDING ARMATUBES' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented A r. so, rare.

Application filed January 29, 191?. Serial no. 145,215.

. One of the important objects of my invention is to cheapen the cost and better the construction of armatures.

Specifically, my object is to inseparably secure the bar conductors within openings in thecore of armatures so that when they are in peripherally open core slots, the usual circumferentially extending holding bands become unnecessary, and when said conductors are inserted in axially extending perforations, in the core, theyare firmly held so as not to vibrate and chafe'the insulation by which they are separated from the core. Furthermore a feature of my invention consists in pre-insulating the core-contained portions of the armature conductors with a, preferably,'fibrous cover secured by and impregnated with cementing material, which has affinity for a cement subsequently applied, after the conductors have been placed on the core support. I

Another object is to uniformly and coincidently bend the straight bar conductor terminals, projecting axially at each end of the armature core, whereby to appropriately pair them, to be subsequently connected together at the rear end and for connection to commutator segments at the front end, leaving the free ends of the bent terminals in planes parallel with the axis of the armature.

Other and further objects of my invention will become readily apparent, to persons skilled in the art, from a consideration of the following description when taken in conjunction with the drawings, wherein- Figure -1'is an'uninsulated straight bar conductor such as used in my armature structure.

Fi 2 is a similar view of a conductor showing, the pre-insulation in place.

Fig.3 is a central axial section through the core, showing a plurality of conductors placed within perforations within the core and their terminal ends projecting therefrom.

Fig. 4 is an end view of the core showing the projecting terminals, and a machine whereby the terminals may be bent to the proper positions simultaneously.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the armature and terminals after the latter have been bent into their respective positions as by the use of the tool, shown in Fig. 4.

In all the views the same reference characters are employed to indicate similar parts.

'Heretofore it has been the usual custom, when the inductive conductors,

of bar wound armatures, have been placed upon 7 the armature core, as when the armatures are so wound, the terminal ends have been connected together by use of separate wires or separately-constructed terminal connec tors, soldered to the respective terminals, and extending, to a greater or less degree, across the ends of the core. 'Such. work requires expensive hand labor, of skilled workmen, and presents less uniformity in appearance and therefore greater liability of short circuiting and disconnection of the conductors.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention 10 is the core of the armature, mounted on the shaft 11, and having a se-- ries of circumferentially-extending openings, for the two series of straight inductive conductors 12 and 13. These openings, are shown as closed perforations, but they could, in contemplation of my invention, as Well be peripherally open slots. In either event the conductors should be secured in place to the core to facilitate bending of the terminal ends. When the conductors are in place, paired and connected, each loop, per

86, resembles an open end hairpin loop or coil loop and the completed armature bears a strong superficial resemblance to an armature that may have been wound by laying on preformed coils made of relatively flexible conductors. There is practically this difference; preformed coils or loops, made of substantially inflexible bar conductors, to be subsequently placed on the armature core either in axially extendingoopenings or perforations, present practically insuperable mechanical diliiculties that are encountered in the manufacture of such devices when the first placed series of coils must be bent upwardly and away from the core, in order to lay the last series of coils thereunder and then they must be bent back again into their former positions but overlying the last laid series of coils. Any efiort in this direction will so distort the inflexible bar conductors,

as to destroy all symmetry of formation and produce short circuiting of the conductors. Preformed coils, to be laid upon the armature core, have heretofore been made of large numbers of relatively small bunched wires, to secure the necessary flexibility of the coil that they may accommodate themselves to the conditions necessarily imposed upon them in placing them symmetrically on the core.

' Incarrying out my method of construction, conductors 12 and 13 are first covered with a thin coating of insulating material 15, which extends over the core contained portion of the conductor. This covering may be of such material as tissue paper, or the like, which is first impregnated-with a cementitious material, such as bakelite, or.

the like, to cause it to adhere to the conductor. After the insulating cover 15 has become perfectly set, by drying, or by the application of heat, or otherwise, the conductors are then driven into the perforations extending axially of the core, the insulating portion 15 having, preferably, first been covered with a fresh application of the cementing material, so as to cause adherence of the coating 15 with the interior surfaces of the core 10, when the conductors are in place. The fibrous coating 15 of the conductors, acts as a carrier for the insulating material and as separators .to maintain the conductors out of contact with the core, and it also serves as a medium, to which the added cementitious material, when the conductors are placed in the core, will unite,

, thereby securely holding the conductors in by suitable means, and connected to commu:

adjacent termina s and to tator segments which may be done at either end of the armature. It is very advantageous, when circumstances will permit, to bend all the terminals of the conductors 12 and 13, simultaneously, at the respective ends of the armature, and to accomplish this I may employ a device such as disclosed in an application filed by Edward J. Tomlinson,.December 11th, 1916, identified by Serial No. 136,385, wherein a rotating structime 16, comprising a hub part 17, provided with a series of notches for the conductors 13,there being as many notches as there are conductors. This part supports a rotatable ring 18, which is provided with an equal number of similar registering notches for the conductors 12. p The ring 18 is rotatable upon the disk or structure 16. The handle 19 rotates the structure 15 and the handle 20 rotates the structure 16, the two structures being capable of rotation in opposite directions, to the extent desired. The notches in the respective members hold the extreme ends of the terminals of the conductors 12 and 13 in axial planes and leave them in such planes after bending, so that the pairs of conductors may conveniently be connected directly to the commutator or be connected together only at the rear end, as desired, the connections being made in such manner that either or both ends of an armature, when constructed in accordance with my methods, may be connected to a commutator.

In the construction of multipole armatures the conductors are divided into a plurality of series and the terminal of each conductor, of one series, is designed to be paired with a similar terminal of the adjacent series, to accomplish which, the terminals are bent, respectively, into planes in which the pairs may conveniently be brought together. Fig. 5 I have shown only one conductor of each series, in order to more clearly illustrate the construction.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. The method of building armatures which consists in providing a plurality of armature conductors of uniform cross section and pliability; securing said conductors on. a core of an armature with conductor terminals projecting from one end thereof in two concentric series; bending a selected number of terminals of each series coincidentally in opposite directions by application of substantially equal-stress to each terminal, whereb to uniformly space apart of the two series.

2. The method: of building armatures which consists in providing a plurality of armature conductor bars of uniform cross pair the terminals 7 section and pliability; insulating the portion of the conductors that will lie in the plane of the armature core; securing said conductors on the core of an armature with the uncovered terminal'ends thereof pr0ject-' ing from one end of the core in two concentric series: bending a group of terminals of each series coincidentally in opposite directions by application of substantially equal stress to each terminal whereby to uniformly hand in the presence of two subscribing wit- 15 nesses. V

VINCENT G. APPLE. In the presence of- E. V. MARTIN, EDWARD TOMLINSON. 

